Фрагмент документа "ДИРЕКТИВА СОВЕТА N 1999/31/ЕС ПО ПОЛИГОНАМ ЗАХОРОНЕНИЯ ОТХОДОВ".
3. Protection of soil and water
3.1. A landfill must be situated and designed so as to meet the
necessary conditions for preventing pollution of the soil, groundwater
or surface water and ensuring efficient collection of leachate as and
when required according to Section 2. Protection of soil, groundwater
and surface water is to be achieved by the combination of a geological
barrier and a bottom liner during the operational/active phase and by
the combination of a geological barrier and a bottom liner during the
operational/active phase and by the combination of a geological
barrier and a top liner during the passive phase/post closure.
3.2. The geological barrier is determined by geological and
hydrogeological conditions below and in the vicinity of a landfill
site providing sufficient attenuation capacity to prevent a potential
risk to soil and groundwater.
The landfill base and sides shall consist of a mineral layer
which satisfies permeability and thickness requirements with a
combined effect in terms of protection of soil, groundwater and
surface water at least equivalent to the one resulting from the
following requirements:
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- landfill for hazardous waste: К <= 1,0 x 10 m/s; thickness >= 5
m,
-9
- landfill for non-hazardous waste: К <= 1,0 x 10 m/s; thickness
>= 1 m,
-7
- landfill for inert waste: К <= 1,0 x 10 m/s; thickness >= 1 m,
m/s: meter/second.
Where the geological barrier does not naturally meet the above
conditions it can be completed artificially and reinforced by other
means giving equivalent protection. An artificially established
geological barrier should be no less than 0,5 metres thick.
3.3. In addition to the geological barrier described above a
leachate collection and sealing system must be added in accordance
with the following principles so as to ensure that leachate
accumulation at the base of the landfill is kept to a minimum:
Leachate collection and bottom sealing
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| Landfill | non hazardous | hazardous |
| category | | |
|-----------------------|--------------------|-------------------|
|Artificial sealing |required |required |
|liner | | |
|-----------------------|--------------------|-------------------|
|Drainage layer >= 0,5 m|required |required |
------------------------------------------------------------------
Member States may set general or specific requirements for inert
waste landfills and for the characteristics of the abovementioned
technical means.
If the competent authority after a consideration of the potential
hazards to the environment finds that the prevention of leachate
formation is necessary, a surface sealing may be prescribed.
Recommendations for the surface sealing are as follows:
------------------------------------------------------------------
| Landfill category | non hazardous | hazardous |
|-------------------------------|---------------|----------------|
|Gas drainage layer |required |not required |
|-------------------------------|---------------|----------------|
|Artificial sealing liner |not required |required |
|-------------------------------|---------------|----------------|
|Impermeable mineral layer |required |required |
|-------------------------------|---------------|----------------|
|Drainage layer > 0,5 m |required |required |
|-------------------------------|---------------|----------------|
|Top soil cover > 1 m |required |required. |
------------------------------------------------------------------
3.4. If, on the basis of an assessment of environmental risks
taking into account, in particular, Directive 80/68/EEC <*>, the
competent authority has decided, in accordance with Section 2 ("Water
control and leachate management"), that collection and treatment of
leachate is not necessary or it has been established that the landfill
poses no potential hazard to soil, groundwater or surface water, the
requirements in paragraphs 3.2 and 3.3 above may be reduced
accordingly. In the case of landfills for inert waste these
requirements may be adapted by national legislation.
--------------------------------
<*> OJ L 20, 26.1.1980, p. 43. Directive as last amended by
Directive 91/692/EEC (OJ L 377, 31.12.1991, p. 48).
3.5. The method to be used for the determination of the
permeability coefficient for landfills, in the field and for the whole
extension of the site, is to be developed and approved by the
Committee set up under Article 17 of this Directive.
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Фрагмент документа "ДИРЕКТИВА СОВЕТА N 1999/31/ЕС ПО ПОЛИГОНАМ ЗАХОРОНЕНИЯ ОТХОДОВ".